Chinese History essays

Chinese History essays Throughout most of the Empires that we reviewed Dynasties rule. If your not part of a powerful family (Dynasty), then you had a very slim chance of moving up in the political or social ladder. In my paper I will try to prove my point in saying that once born into a low or high social structure you will probably remain in that structure throughout your life. Only under extreme circumstances could you make a leap from peasant to Elite. In China the political elite were ruled under a system of emperors (ruled by single a single family called dynasties). Some dynasties could be destroyed by political takeover then another family will become emperors. An example of the political elite were the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Besides the emperor and his family most of the social elites were scholar bureaucrats and gentry. Under the gentry came peasants, Arisans and then merchants. The scholar bureaucrats were socially equal with the gentry. Even with the social elite they wore distinctive clothing (black gowns with blue borders). The elite status was justified through the emperor and his family. If your family is strong you are strong, if born poor you will usually stay poor. These were thoughts of society in 16th century china. In Vietnam the political elite were ruled under the dynasty. Some dynasty could be overthrown due to political takeover. In Vietnam the family is regarded as the entity which the entire social system is modeled. From 1428 to 1788 Le Dynasty ruled the political elite. The social elite was split into two parts North and South. North social elite were influenced by china, South social elite were influenced by Southeast Asia. In Vietnam the elite status was justified through the dynasty and tradition. In the Ottoman empire the political elite were ruled under a sultan, This sultan was selim he reigned from 1512 to 1520 then from1520 to1561 sultan suleyman and the magnificent ruled. Every one is the sultans slave ...

Biography of Pedro Alonso Lopez, Monster of the Andes

Biography of Pedro Alonso Lopez, Monster of the Andes Pedro Alonzo Lopez (born October 8, 1948) was responsible for the murders of over 350 children, yet in 1998 he was set free despite his vows to kill again. Rumors regarding his whereabouts have swirled since the late 1990s. Fast Facts: Pedro Alonzo Lopez Known For: Serial killer, responsible for the brutal murders of over 350 childrenAlso Known As: Monster of the AndesBorn: October 8, 1948Parents: Midardo Reyes, Benilda Là ³pez De CastenedaNotable Quote: They Never Scream. They Expect Nothing. They Are Innocent. Early Years Lopez was born on October 8, 1948, in Tolima, Colombia, a time when the country was in political turmoil and crime was rampant. He was the seventh of 13 children born to a Colombian prostitute. When Lopez was eight, his mother caught him touching his sisters breast, and she kicked him out of the house forever. Trust Me, Trust Me Not Lopez became a beggar on the violent Colombian streets. He was soon approached by a man who sympathized with the boys situation and offered him a safe home and food to eat. Lopez, desperate and hungry, did not hesitate and went with the man. Instead of going to a comfortable home, he was taken to an abandoned building and repeatedly sodomized and returned to the street. During the attack, Lopez angrily vowed he would do the same to as many little girls that he could, a promise he later kept. After being raped by the pedophile, Lopez became paranoid of strangers, hiding during the day and scavenging for food at night. Within a year he left  Tolima  and wandered to the town of Bogota. An American couple reached out to him after feeling pity for the thin boy begging for food. They brought him to their home and enrolled him in a school for orphans, but when he was 12, a male teacher molested him. Shortly afterward, Lopez stole money and fled back into the streets. Prison Life Lopez, lacking in education and skill, survived on the streets by begging and committing petty thievery. His stealing advanced to car theft, and he was paid well when he sold the stolen cars to chop shops. He was arrested at the age of 18 for car theft and sent to prison. After a few days of being there, he was gang-raped by four prisoners. The anger and rage he experienced as a child rose inside him again, consuming him. He made another vow to himself; to never be violated again. Lopez got his revenge for the rape by killing three of the four men responsible. Authorities added two years to his sentence, deeming his actions as self-defense. During his incarceration, he had time to revisit his life, and a quiet rage toward his mother became monstrous. He also dealt with his sexual needs by browsing pornographic magazines. Between his prostitute mother and the pornography, Lopezs only knowledge of women fed his demented hatred for them. Release and Rearrest In 1978, Lopez was released from prison, moved to Peru, and began kidnapping and killing young Peruvian girls. He was caught by a group of Indians and tortured, buried up to his neck in the sand, but was later freed and deported to Ecuador. Experiencing near death did not influence his murderous ways and his killing of young girls continued. The increase of missing girls was noticed by authorities, but it was concluded that they had likely been kidnapped by child peddlers and sold as sex slaves. In April 1980, a flood exposed the bodies of four murdered children, and the Ecuadorian authorities realized there was a serial murderer at large. Shortly after the flood, Lopez was caught trying to abduct a young girl after the child’s mother intervened. The police could not get Lopez to cooperate, so they enlisted the help of a local priest, dressed him as a prisoner, and placed him in a cell with Lopez. The trick worked. Lopez was quick to share his brutal crimes with his new cellmate. Lopez Confesses When confronted by the police about the crimes he shared with his cellmate, Lopez broke down and confessed. His memory of his crimes was very clear, which was remarkable since he confessed to killing at least 110 children in Ecuador, more than 100 more in Colombia, and another 100 in Peru. Lopez admitted that he would walk the streets looking for innocent girls who he would lure away with the promise of gifts. Lopez often brought the girls to prepared graves, sometimes filled with the dead bodies of other girls he had killed. He would calm the child with soft reassuring words throughout the night. At sunrise he would rape and strangle them, satisfying his sick sexual needs as he watched their eyes fade as they died. He never killed at night because he could not see his victims eyes and felt, without that element, the murder was a waste. In Lopezs confession, he told of having tea parties and playing morbid games with the deceased children. He would prop them up in their graves and talk to them, convincing himself that his little friends liked the company. But when the dead children failed to answer, he would become bored and go off to find another victim. Monster of the Andes The police found his ghastly confession hard to believe, so Lopez agreed to take them to the graves of the children. More than 53 bodies were found, which was enough for the investigators to take him at his word. The public renamed him Monster of the Andes as more information about his crimes became known. For his crimes of raping, killing, and mutilating over 100 children, Lopez received a sentence of life in prison. Lopez never showed remorse for his crimes. In a prison interview with journalist Ron Laytner, he said if he ever got out of prison he would happily return to killing young children. The pleasure he received from his demented acts of murder overpowered any sense of right from wrong, and he admittedly looked forward to the opportunity to wrap his hands around the throat of his next child. Second Release No one was concerned that Lopez would have the opportunity to kill again. If paroled from the prison in Ecuador, he would still have to stand trial for his murders in Colombia and Peru. But after 20 years of solitary confinement, in the summer of 1998, it is said that Lopez was taken in the middle of the night to the Colombia border and released. Neither Colombia or Peru had the money to bring the madman to justice. Whereabouts Unknown Whatever happened to The Monster of the Andes is unknown. Many suspect and hope that one of the many bounties offered for his death eventually paid off and that he is dead. If Lopez has escaped his enemies and is still alive, there is little doubt that he has returned to his old ways. Sources Pearson, Nick. â€Å"Worlds Second Worst Serial Killer Walked Free from Prison.†Ã‚  9News Breaking News, 9News, 5 Dec. 2018.Serena, Katie. â€Å"Serial Killer Who Murdered 300 People Was Released From Jail, And No One Knows Where He Is.†Ã‚  All Thats Interesting, 30 Nov. 2018.â€Å"The Monster Of The Andes: South American Serial Killer Pedro Lopez.†Ã‚  Did You Know?, 17 July 2017.

Symbol Research Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Symbol Research Project - Essay Example The shield is an epitome of a classy way to reinforcing power and holding on to it. Another thing that must be understood with the color combination is that one must lead by good example. This is the reason why sophistication is a must. In this case, desire must fuel the drive to lead by example to show the real strength and power of commanding people and army. With the shield come other elements. There are two animals presented: the lion and the eagle, which are signifiers of power and glory. The lion appears to be showing only the face, which is a sign of fear and power as the king of the land. The eagle, on the other, is shown fully, with wings, which show how he can gracefully glide through the skies. Another concept to take into account is that the lion is like the image of God in the land that people shall look up to because of greatness and power for salvation and of protection. The image of the eagle as lord of the skies signifies how the eagle can see everything in its path and knows what everyone is doing. The eagle is like a panoptic, which is the same as God. They see everything. They know everything. They can deal with everything. These two animals command two different realms: the lands and the skies respectively. The animals shall embody the notion about God. The animals of power and command shall show that the leader has the blessing of God. At the same time, it reinforces the need to fight for his cause. To an extent, the land and the sky shall also show the realms of earth and heaven. Another important element is the sun, where it shall be the guiding light to a darken path. The rays asserts that it can touch anything and everything Thus, this will give an impression that the heraldic shield should be worn by a king, who shall lead his people to greatness under the guidance of God. Another important thing to consider is that the light signifies the

Public Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Public Law - Essay Example In United States, the Supreme Court argued that those penalized for lifetime imprisonment, are maybe disenfranchised for failing to exercise their right to vote, but that remain part of the punitive measures. 2 Karlan (2002), like other advocate, contend that â€Å"lifetime disenfranchisement as a punishment is extremely disproportionate to the offenses for which it often imposed.† 3 To some extent, this view was reverberated in the controversial case Hirst v UK 20054, where a felon raised a question of law in the international court and assailed that UK’s electoral policy is in conflict to international human rights standards and to universally adopted principles for total rehabilitation or reformation of felons. 5 1. Hirst: Rising for his rights Hirst6 was penalized for lifetime imprisonment in 1980 for the commission of manslaughter based on medical evidences presented for adjudication. His tariff expired in 1994 but he remained in detention because the Parole Board considered him dangerous. Barred to vote under Representation of the People Act 1983 as a felon, he challenged the law based on Human Rights Act 1998 and argued that the provision prohibiting him to exercise his right to suffrage is contrary to European Convention on Human Rights. However, at the Divisional Court in 2001, Lord Justice Kennedy7 decided that prisoners forfeited the right to participate in political affairs for his country because â€Å"removal from society means removal from the privileges of society†. 8 Such incarceration and subsequent depravity of practicing his civil rights, particularly the right to vote, is also practiced in Europe, western countries and in other democratic Asian nations. In UK, this policy take its historic root from Section 4 of the Representation of the People Act 1969 that was substantially inspired by Forfeiture Act 1870, a law that impose â€Å"civic death† for convicted criminals. 9 True, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) stipulated the protection of every citizen for opportunity regardless of distinction and to participate in the conduct of public affairs including election. But on the same context, the populace is also legally protected for security, an inherent right for self- preservation from harm and against dangerous and convicted criminals. This indeed demand advocates to imperatively balance the appreciation of rights. For while prisoners, deprived of liberty, are treated humanely with his inherent dignity as a person, but his other civil rights are temporarily curtailed with the intent of rehabilitating and reforming him from grievous offense until he will be mainstream back to the society after completing his sentence.† 10 Inside the penology’s confines, a felon may require expert therapy to diagnose his problems and needs, inclusive of psychological, spiritual and medical aspects while in the process of reformation. 11 Clearly, it is the intent of the state to penalize a convicted felon by suspending some of his civil rights to reform him but legal luminaries

Britannia Airways and Virgin Upper Essay Example for Free

Britannia Airways and Virgin Upper Essay Ill start by reporting on the Virgin Atlantic Upper Class suite website. To start with you are prompted to select what country you live in. This is so the person who enters the website can get it in the relevant language. To start with, you get to click on the different things on the plane, and a menu appears in this you get to select which item you want to read about. On the navigation menu on the top of the page, if you click on the box saying Experience you are able to have a virtual tour of the different features of the plane. On this page there are 3 sub-menus. These are Reaction this is reports on what other professional plane experts have said about it, the second one is Have your say this is obviously where the explorers of the sight can leave their feelings and their views about the site, and lastly there is Response this is where the members of Virgin Airways Flying Club have written what they think of it and what they would do to improve it. The next section on the navigation bar is The Facts. This is all about the design, and how they came up with it, how it compares to other aeroplanes, the essential facts, and all questions answered. This helps people to get a good feel for the aeroplane and its features before they consider booking a flight on the newly designed Upper Class plane. If you have already booked a flight, you can check details on the Internet if you enter you departure City and arrival city. You can do this under the Routes section. There is an Offers section, but at the time of producing this report an offer had just finished, but another one was yet to start. If you go onto the Competitions button on the navigation bar, you can do a quiz about the new aeroplane and if you answer them all correctly you can win a pair of tickets to New York on a Virgin Upper Class plane. The next icon is called Loyalty Programme in this area you can sign up to become a member of the Virgin Flying Club. There is also a section called E-Cards where you can send them to your friends, to show them how beautiful the new Upper Class Plane is. If you scroll down to the bottom of the page them you can select Book a Flight. This was unavailable when I went on there, but it was only because the site is quite new and they are just putting on the program that will aid with online flight bookings. The pages are easily navigable, and user friendly, even for those who are only beginners with computers. There are loads of pictures, and the background to the site is black and dark purple; the writing is red and white. It looks very eye catching, and would make you want to go back to the site again. They currently only go to New York, Los Angeles and a couple of other places, but the places in America they fly to is going to increase as the new improved plane flies more, and more are obviously made. You get a T. V, a bed in which they will give you bedding on request, refreshments and food available when you request them, video playing facility, and much, much more! I am now going to review the Britannia Airways website. When you first go onto the website you are greeted by a bright blue screen, with the word Britannica in red letters on the top left corner. There are also 2 blocks of three colours on the page. There is a picture in the middle, which changes to give you different views of the aeroplane. If you scroll down, after this there is a booking form for booking a flight. I decided to fill this in; however the airport I fly from most frequently was not on the list. (London Heathrow) I filled in the rest of the details. However, it was not easy as it would not let me enter the data quickly, it was slow. Then it too quite a while to search the records and find what I had requested. Then I realised a new page had appeared and asked me to re-enter the data. I got annoyed!! On this one it had London Heathrow but only had 4 destinations that were flown to from there. I got annoyed and left it. I clicked on the icon called Pre-Bookable Options here you could choose to order Champagne, go into the VIP lounge, special meals, extra leg room or get Executive Check-In. However, when I clicked on them no estimated prices for these services were given. This was not good, as if you were a family on a budget then you would not really want to phone up and ask as they might push you into getting a service that you cant afford. There is a bit called In-flight Shopping this is what is available when they go along the plane with the trolley. They have a Check in and Advice icon, where it tells people who maybe have never flown with Britannia before, or those who are not familiar with airports the process to undertake, before during and after you are in the airport. They have many different planes all with different seat capacities. The seat capacities are as follows: 757-200 235seats 767-200 274seats 767-200 290seats 767-300 315seats 767-300 328seats The i 10. 00 charge is for Select your Seat only and must be booked in conjunction with seats together, extra or premium seating. Combined price from i 20. 00 return per adult (from i 27. 00 return per adult long haul) and from i 15. 00 return per child (from i 20. 00 return per child long haul). The price varies dependent on your choice of seating combination and the length of the flight. It also has a section called Can I Take it this includes what size your allowed for hand luggage, and how much your luggage should weigh. This is very interesting. There is also a lot more relevant information. There are not many pictures. It is quite easy to navigate. The flight destinations are mainly in Europe. Food is available on longer flights. After carefully studying both websites, I prefer the Virgin Upper Class website for the design, interesting features and layout. However I would choose the Britannia website for the most relevant information. If Virgin put some interesting features on their website, and Britannia put some more pictures, and so different colours apart from Blue, then I would give them both 10 out of 10. as it stands I would give Virgin 9 and Britannia 8 1/2 as it is not that far behind, but at the end of the day the Virgin website is designed for business personnel and the Britannia website is designed for families. So both I think are good for the audience they are aimed upon.

Macbeths Ambition As Displayed In Act 1, Scene 7 Essay -- essays resea

In Macbeth’s soliloquy in Act I, scene 7, Macbeth hesitates because of both pragmatic and moral causes; although, his moral scruples seem to overpower the pragmatic arguments. Macbeth is torn between these two issues, and his unique way of deciphering his problems is exhibited in this scene. Macbeth feels that if he were to assassinate the king, Duncan, that he better do it soon. The first line of Act I, scene 7 begins with, â€Å"If it were done when ‘tis done, then ‘twere well; It were done quickly.† So, basically, Macbeth feels that if the crime was committed when it needed to be, and if it were done quickly, then he would be safe. This argument is a moral concern toward Macbeth, this is the first thought that comes to his mind, because it is exhibited in the fist line of his soliloquy. Macbeth is hesitant to murder Duncan, because he feels that he would be eternally punished in hell for committing such a heinous crime. Macbeth expresses these feelings in lines 7-10, â€Å"But here upon this bank and shoal of time; We’d jump the life to come.† The â€Å"life to come†, is the afterlife, which would be an eternity of suffering for Macbeth, because of his assassination of Duncan. Thus, making this argument a moral concern, and one of Macbeth’s overpowering arguments in his soliloquy. Macbeth feels that if he were to succeed the throne from Duncan, the common people would feel a sense of mistrust toward Macbeth. Macbeth expresses these thoughts in lines 7-10, â€Å"Lines 7-10: â€Å"We still have j...

Orwell’s “Shooting an Elephant” Essay

In the excerpt from Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†, the author uses similes, syllepsis, and connotation to appeal to the readers sense of pathos in order to convey his attitude of remorse and fluster in regards to shooting the elephant so as to comment on imperialism. Orwell uses Similes to convey his remorse and fluster towards shooting the elephant. He compares the elephant to â€Å"†¦a huge rock toppling†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and paints the scene by saying â€Å"The thick blood welled out of him like red velvet†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He clearly shows his fluster when he couldn’t stand â€Å"The tortured gasps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that â€Å"†¦continued as steadily as the ticking of a clock.† The use of these similes effectively shows how he is upset and feels guilty about shooting the elephant by using toppling rocks to suggest something monumental was ending. The tortured gasps show that he realizes the elephant is in pain and he feels remorse because he is not able to put it out of its misery. His fluster is shown when he mentions pouring shot after shot down his throat in an attempt to kill the elephant. Throughout the Excerpt Orwell uses a variety of words to appeal to the reader’s sense of pathos in order to convey his fluster and regret. When he shoots the elephant he notices a â€Å"†¦mysterious, terrible change†¦Ã¢â‚¬  come upon it and the elephant seems to him as if it became â€Å"†¦stricken, shrunken, immensely old†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His agitation is shown when he hears the â€Å"†¦long rattling gasps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦dreadful noise.† The use of these words appeals to the sense of pathos by creating empathy in the reader. By seeing these strong, descriptive words the reader can feel his regret and dismay at shooting such a magnificent creature. In paragraph 12 Orwell uses syllepsis to show his contrition. He describes the elephant as â€Å"†¦powerless to move and yet powerless to die†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This syllepsis shows how Orwell feels regret because it is his fault the elephant is in this state but he nor, the elephant, can do anything about it and has to see the elephant suffering. The author Orwell uses a variety of stylistic and rhetoric devices such as similes, syllepsis, and connotation to appeal to a sense of pathos in his piece â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† in order to convey his feelings of remorse and fluster in a larger attempt to comment on imperialism. The elephant represents imperialism and shows how natives will put up a good fight, even when the odds are not in their favor, before backing down and giving up.

Archetype Research Project Essay

Archetypes are â€Å"An inherited idea or mode of thought in the psychology of C. G. Jung that is derived from the experience of the race and is present in the unconscious of the individual† (archetype). Archetypes are central in all cultures across the world and can provide important lessons and outlooks on the common aspects of human life. The journey, is an archetype in which the main character is in search of some sort of truth and typically faces many difficult trials along the way, this can be both physical and mental. While going through these trials a kind of hell is reached and the character must attempt to make their way back to society. Though the journey is not always well liked due to its dark and serious nature, it provides self-confidence and shows society how to react to difficulties they may face in life. This archetype can be found in slightly different forms in the three novels: â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Charlotte Brontà «, â€Å"The Odyssey† by Hom er, and â€Å"The Plague† by Albert Camus. Each author uses the archetype, the journey, to express their own thoughts; they create an overall theme or message to influence their readers. â€Å"Jane Eyre† was written in 1847 by Charlotte Brontà «. The novel follows Jane Eyre from her childhood as the family scapegoat, through her schooling at a poorly managed charity school, and later when she becomes a governess and falls in love with her employer, Mr. Rochester. Jane’s journey is in search of the love and acceptance of others, she goes through many trials before reaching her goal. The theme that Brontà « creates using the archetype of the journey is: In times of hardship you must persevere and not lose sight of yourself and your morals while striving to find happiness. This is one of the most important messages that she is sending to her readers through Jane Eyre. She does this by giving multiple examples of Jane’s strength. One example of Jane’s strength is when she struggles to regain her since of dignity and self-worth after discovering, on her wedding day, that Mr. Rochester was already married. This is the most devastating part of Jane’s journey but her reaction to the situation is what builds the theme. â€Å"Laws and principles are not for the times when there is no temptation: they are for such moments as this, when body and soul rise in mutiny against their rigour; stringent are they; inviolate they shall be† (Brontà « 369). Jane is very tempted to just give in to her weaknesses but she regains her composure and continues her struggle. Jane’s strength is also shown when she leaves Thornfield the night after the wedding. â€Å"But I was soon up; crawling forwards on my hands and knees, and then again raised to my feet — ­ as eager and as determined as ever to reach the road† (Brontà « 374). At this point Jane’s emotional turmoil has gone as far as to cause physical weakness. Which, she also finds courage to overcome. Brontà « uses Jane’s strength of morals and self-respect in times of trial to get her theme across to her readers. The importance of her perseverance throughout the novel is solidified in the fact that her suffering pays off in the end with a happy conclusion after Mr. Rochester’s wife is dead. â€Å"I hold myself supremely blest–blest beyond what language can express; because I am my husband’s life as fully is he is mine† (Brontà « 522). Jane would have been very unhappy if she had given in to her weaknesses before she felt morally sound in doing so. This shows how significant her waiting was in securing her happiness in the end. Charlotte Brontà « used the archetype of the journey in Jane Eyre to impact the reader by illustrating the importance of maintaining your moral standards and since of self-worth through times of trial and hardship when you are most prone to weakness. She has exemplified this through the strength and persistence of her main character, Jane. â€Å"The Odyssey† was written by Homer around 700 B.C. It is an epic that tells the story of Odysseus, a man who must make his way back home from war to his wife and son. His journey home however is delayed by a series of trials and while he is away suitors take over his household. Odysseus has been a role model not only in Greek culture but all around the world. Homer uses the characters reactions to the trials that are typical to the archetype of the journey to show the need for determination, hope and strength in the face of hardship. As Odysseus goes through the many challenges of his journey his perseverance is put to the test. One of these occasions is when Odysseus and his crew are within sight of Ithaca, but the curiosity of his crew causes them to be thrown severely off course and pushed back many days in their journey. â€Å"And I woke up with a start, my spirit churning— should I leap over the side and drown at once or grit my teeth and bear it, stay among the living? I bore it all, held firm, hiding my face, clinging tight to the decks† (Homer 10. 55-58). True strength is shown by Odysseus here due to the fact that it is laden with the dramatic irony of almost reaching your goal then being set back to the beginning. Homer uses Odysseus’s will to continue on and not give up to show the determination needed to overcome a trial such as this. Odysseus is not the only character in â€Å"The Odyssey† that the archetype of the journey applies to. Telemachus, Odysseus’s son, also goes through a journey and discovers darker truths as he searches for news of his father and watches the suitors tear apart his house. â€Å"But for me the gods have spun out no such joy, for my father or myself. I must bear up, that’s all† (Homer 3.236-238). Homer presents Telemachus much like his father, always determined to keep moving forward even when it seems all is against him. The archetype of the journey is constantly full of challenges and often disappointment. Odysseus comments on what he has learned of the nature of life and hardship. â€Å"But then, when the happy gods bring on the long hard times, bear them he must, against his will, and steel his heart. Our lives, our mood and mind as we pass across the earth, turn as the days turn† (Homer 18. 154-157). Odysseus has learned this lesson from experience and his calm warnings and advice on the subject contribute to the theme of the necessity of strength when it comes to the archetype of the journey. In relation to the archetype the journey Homer uses â€Å"The Odyssey† to create a theme of resilience and determination when encountering struggles and trials. This is created through the way that the characters handle hardship with their lives. Odysseus is a major role model whose success and failures can easily be learned from. â€Å"The Plague† was written by Albert Camus in 1947; the novel relates the story of a city falling into and later recovering from an epidemic of plague. Each character has his own personal interests but as the plague progresses and the gates of the city are closed, fighting the plague becomes everyone’s main interest. The entire town goes through an archetypal journey with each characters experiences differing in their own ways. When a group of people is suffering, each person has a duty to think more of the group and less of individual desires; everyone has to try to help others. It is the few people who fulfill that duty who make the difference for the whole of the community in the end. As the first few cases began to arise, nobody wanted to admit the high level of danger that came with them. Due to the town’s lack of experience with the plague things move slowly at first and no one really knows what to do. Despite this confusion and lack of knowledge it is important that there are a few people who are always fighting to make progress. â€Å"No, we should go forward, groping our way through the darkness, stumbling perhaps at times, and try to do what good lay in our power† (Camus 205). Camus shows the absolute need for action even when nobody is quite sure what to do. The town is urged to forget personal matters to devote themselves to following blind determination. After months of plague it becomes obvious to the townsfolk that they are all in the situation together and that they are in the same amount of risk even though nobody wanted to acknowledge it out loud. â€Å"No longer were there individual destinies; only a collective destiny, made of plague and emotions shared by all† (Camus 151). The atmosphere of the survival situation has made personal interests unimportant and the survival and health of the community the main point of the people’s lives. As the city of Oran attempts to regain its stability its citizens sacrifice their personal feelings such as love to go into a survival mode. â€Å"Evening after evening gave its truest, mournfulest expression to the blind endurance that had outlasted love from all our hearts† (Camus 168). People have become so engrossed in the plague and its effect on their lives that emotions like love are pushed to the back of the mind. Camus stresses the fact that in order for a community to endure, personal sacrifice is necessary. â€Å"The Plagues† main theme in relation to the archetype of the journey is that personal sacrifice may be needed in order for a community to go through a journey and still prevail in the end. It can also be seen that hope is necessary when you are faced with hardship even if you are completely lost and in the dark. All three novels, â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Charlotte Brontà «, â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer, and â€Å"The Plague† by Albert Camus have strong examples of the journey archetype. Each tells a story of trials, hardship, and suffering. â€Å"Jane Eyre† focuses largely on Jane’s personal development and the challenges that she faces in her everyday life. Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s main theme is to not lose sight of who you are when things get tough in contrast to the ideas behind â€Å"The Plague† which call for almost an exact opposite due to the community setting in which the journey takes place. â€Å"The Odyssey† is more about a since of strength and endurance, though Odysseus’s emotions are evident and are very important in maintaining his will to continue trying to reach home, they do not dominate the scene like in â€Å"Jane Eyre† and â€Å"The plague†. The journey archetype is very important in giving people insight to possible life situations. By reading about a characters development while going through a journey it is easy to realize their achievements and failures. This makes these types of situations easier to handle when they come up in real life later on because the reader has already been warned of what to do and what not to do. The main characters of a story focused on an archetypal journey are also inspirational and can provide the same hope and determination by giving people a â€Å"they did this so I can too† type of attitude toward life’s challenges.

Who is the Greatest Sinner in essays

Who is the Greatest Sinner in essays Who is the Greatest Sinner in The Scarlet Letter? There are many sins committed in the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorn, including many counts of adultery, witchcraft, and hatred. Despite the others wrongdoing, one person stands out. Chillingworth is the greatest sinner in the novel. Websters defines sin as the "neglect of the laws of morality and religion." The basis for the argument for the two other sinners in the book thrives off of their adultery. The reason these two cannot be called the greatest sinners is because they admitted and repented their sins. The Bible, the holy book the Puritans studied, told that if they repent their transgression, they will be forgiven. Both Dimmesdale and Hester admitted their sins to the community and more importantly to their God. During their mortal lives, Hester is punished her entire life with the letter and Dimmesdale punishes himself by depriving himself of treatment and nourishment. The sinner in the book who never prays to his Lord for forgiveness should stand out as the greatest sinner. The sins committed by Mr. Chillingworth include his utter need for revenge. He is absolutely evil. He seems to torture poor Dimmesdale while he lives with him. He taunts him when he speaks of some leaves he found near a gra ve; "They grew out of his heart, and typify it may be, some hideous secret that was buried with him, and which he had done better to confess during his lifetime.(pg131)" When he realizes that Dimmesdale is the adulterer that hes been looking for, his face is twisted with joy and pure evil. Hawthorne describes the reaction of Chillingworth after he sees the mark; "Riotously manifest by the extravagant gestures with which he threw up his arms towards the ceiling, and stamped his foot upon the floor! Had a man seen old Roger Chillingworth, at that moment of his ecstasy, he would have had no need to ask how Satan comports himself, w...

Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, Modern Architects

Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, Modern Architects Jacques Herzog (born April 19, 1950) and Pierre de Meuron (born May 8, 1950) are two Swiss architects known for innovative designs and construction using new materials and techniques. The two architects have nearly parallel careers. Both men were born the same year in Basel, Switzerland, attended the same school (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Switzerland), and in 1978 they formed the architectural partnership, Herzog de Meuron. In 2001, they were chosen to share the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize. Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron have designed projects in England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, the United States, and of course, in their native Switzerland. They have built residences, several apartment buildings, libraries, schools, a sports complex, a photographic studio, museums, hotels, railway utility buildings, and office and factory buildings. Selected Projects: 1999-2000: Apartment buildings, Rue des Suisses, Paris, France1998-2000: Roche Pharma Research Institute Building 92 / Building 41, Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland2000: Tate Modern, London Bankside, UK1998-1999: Central Signal Tower, Basel, Switzerland1998: Ricola Marketing Building, Laufen, Switzerland1996-1998: Dominus Winery, Yountville, California1993: Ricola-Euope SA Production and Storage Building, Mulhouse-Brunstatt, France1989-1991: Ricola Factory Addition and Glazed Canopy, Laufen, Switzerland2003: Prada Boutique Aoyama, Tokyo, Japan2004: IKMZ der BTU Cottbus, Library at Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Cottbus, Germany,2004: Edifici Fà ²rum, Barcelona, Spain2005: Allianz Arena, Mà ¼nchen-Frà ¶ttmaning, Germany2005: Walker Art Center expansion, Minneapolis. MN2008: Beijing National Stadium, Beijing, China2010: 1111 Lincoln Road (parking garage), Miami Beach, Florida2012: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, Kensington Gardens, London, UK2012: Parrish Art Museum, Long Island, New York 2015: Grand Stade de Bordeaux, France2016: Elbphilharmonie concert hall, Hamburg, Germany2017: 56 Leonard Street (Jenga Tower), New York City2017: La tour Triangle, Porte de Versailles, Paris, France2017: M Visual Art Museum in Kowloon, Hong Kong Related People: Rem Koolhaas, Pritzker Prize Laureate, 2000 I.M. Pei, 1983 Pritzker Laureate Robert Venturi, Pritzker Prize Laureate, 1991 Thom Mayne, 2005 Pritzker Laureate Zaha Hadid, Pritzker Prize Laureate, 2004 Commentary on Herzog and de Meuron from the Pritzker Prize Committee: Among their completed buildings, the Ricola cough lozenge factory and storage building in Mulhouse, France stands out for its unique printed translucent walls that provide the work areas with a pleasant filtered light. A railway utility building in Basel, Switzerland called Signal Box has an exterior cladding of copper strips that are twisted at certain places to admit daylight. A library for the Technical University in Eberswalde, Germany has 17 horizontal bands of iconographic images silk screen printed on glass and on concrete. An apartment building on Schà ¼tzenmattstrasse in Basel has a fully glazed street facade that is covered by a moveable curtain of perforated latticework. While these unusual construction solutions are certainly not the only reason for Herzog and de Meuron being selected as the 2001 Laureates, Pritzker Prize jury chairman, J. Carter Brown, commented, One is hard put to think of any architects in history that have addressed the integument of architecture with greater imagination and virtuosity. Ada Louise Huxtable, architecture critic and member of the jury, commented further about Herzog and de Meuron, They refine the traditions of modernism to elemental simplicity, while transforming materials and surfaces through the exploration of new treatments and techniques. Another juror, Carlos Jimenez from Houston who is professor of architecture at Rice University, said, One of the most compelling aspects of work by Herzog and de Meuron is their capacity to astonish. And from juror Jorge Silvetti, who chairs the Department of Architecture, Graduate School of Design at Harvard University, ...all of their work maintains throughout, the stable qualities that have always been associated with the best Swiss architecture: conceptual precision, formal clarity, economy of means and pristine detailing and craftsmanship.

Popular Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Popular Culture - Essay Example This paper outlines that the popular culture is usually observable in such area including clothing, cooking, sports and recreation and also consumption and entertainment. On recreation we can view golf playing as a popular culture practiced by the rich in the society. Today cultural activities are segregated and there exist restrictions that are formal and also informal. Restrictions apply to those that are not part of that culture and may be tempted to join that culture. This paper highlights that some cultural activities are highly restricted by the laws of the society, an example is beer drinking, beer drinking for example is prohibited in Saudi Arabia and there exist a law that will prosecute those found drinking beer. The drinking of beer therefore is a popular culture among the masses of many societies and this culture is proposed by the mass media through advertisements of these brands, the culture is restricted in some societies like Saudi Arabia formally. There also exist informal restrictions to cultural practices, these informal restrictions are those restrictions that do not exist in writing but are termed as norms in the society, and they do not exist in writing but are termed as rules governing behavior. These informal restrictions include the expected reaction by the society, the society has informal ways in which to discourage behavior example a person doing wrong may be isolated by the society, for example the case where people have tattoos all over their body, this is a popular culture among the young but in some society the making of such decorations on the skin may lead to one being isolated and disowned by the society. This is an informal way in which this popular culture is restricted by this society and it is helpful in restricting such cultures.