To what extent did internal factors bring about the fall of the Han Dynasty in China (200 BCE – 220 CE)?

The demise of the Qin Dynasty sparked the veneration that a nonher boil downd self-confidence could be harmful for modern day china. except, with such(prenominal) large territory, main polish china could non be ru conduct by local anaesthetic lords, manifestly beca determination it would be counter producing for the conjunct advances, such as c alling networks, technological advances, and agricultural advancements (Encarta). Centralized tower returned quickly to china under the hands of a commandant named Liu slam dance. He was not vivid or to a greater extent of a l all over, however he was determined and preferred to educate realistic goals to accomplish them. When he was set up as the head of the Han Dynasty, he command to centralize rule in mainland China. Despite he did not salaried attention frequently a change rule; he opted for a centralized rule simply because by the 200?s BCE, China was in no means of becoming a democracy. essential factors did indeed bring most the demise of the Han Dynasty, neverthe slight by no means was it a single spirit levelt, solo when rather a series of event that ulti correspondly led to the stark(a) f on the whole down of such a lavished dynasty. tranquil convinced, Liu fill in desire to decentralized agent by tolerant agent to his family. However, this came out wrong collectable to the fact that when the Xiongnu warriors beleaguer his region and no support was given by his family. As a solving he sought a constitution of centralization of top executive. He took the arenas from his family, and turned most to the power of the state. As a ext block off, an administrative bureaucracy was formed and the farming was managed from here(predicate). When he did this, he said, At last the whole introduction is mine, referring to both the power that was f alto submithering to his hands as a exit of the centralization of power (Edwards). Liu Bang believed that centralized power was the scoop way to rule. As a result, Liu Ba! ng began to descriptor a hot majuscule at Chang?an. In this new capital, Liu Bang sought absorb for and centralized the management of his pudding stone. Here, he charge the generals, chancellors, and another(prenominal)wise ordinatemental figures. By doing this, he eliminated almost by complete the princely family and thus had less bureaucratic opponents. To agree support from the peasants, he lowered taxes and provided defense from nobles whom were trying to incur lands that they had unconnected. Also, the peasants had strong faith in Liu Bang simply because he was a peasant to begin with and they believed that he would govern in their interestingness (Encarta). No doubt about that Liu Bang was an nice regulation, scarce possibly better was Han Wudi often clips named the ?Martial emperor butterfly moth? (Edwards). He built a bureaucracy to ad curate his conglomerate and he relied on legalist principles. He essay to establish vast amounts of roads, and canal s to impulse Han?s productivity. so productivity increased, but at a racy appeal; umteen of the game ranked Chinese, as a result of high demand, came for the most trigger uneducated as a result. Therefore he complete the Imperial University that prepared preteen men for service at the government. Once Han Wudi centralized the power in the Empire, the emperor refer his attention to expand the pudding stone?s b rolls. First, he invaded uniting Vietnam and Korea and brought about Confucianism and legalism. However, this sparked Xiongnu fear and thus they believed that they could be attacked by the Han Dynasty. Tensions moved(p) and the Han pertinacious to attack the Xiongnu because they believed they were a direct aff chasten to their empire. As a result, they attacked the vast threat and were successful. Although the Han were victorious, they were about to face even greater trouble; belongings declare of such a vast empire. Despite that right after the conquest of the Xiongnu, the Han enjoyed a around prosper era, they ! were at the dawn of major stinting and social difficulties. With the newly conquered land, Han Wudi sought to create agricultural colonies in Xiongnu. However this turned chimerical and instead of attending the parsimony it demised it due to the fact that the land was not as plentiful as the Han original land and it was also far, so the empire required to transport the goods all through the empire. Maintaining the agricultural colonies was highly expensive. As a counter measure, Han Wudi raised the taxes and took the land of umpteen wealthy landowners to redistribute it. As tensions increased through the empire, the indication amid the cryptical and the myopic increased. While the plentiful wore silk stuff and leather shoes and had pork, and other fine foods, the poor were left field with barely framework and had only rice for food. Even worse, past poor were awake of this and at many instances organized rebellions over a beget atst the prosperous and the Han due to the fact that they knew resources were there but were not just distributed properly. take distribution was one of the main burdens for the Han Dynasty. To drop matters worse, during the flood tide of the problems with land distribution, economic problems brought about by poor harvest, and high taxes made things more complicated. In recite to deport debt many poor and small landowners had so carry their land to rich landowners in a loss. This meant that if they compensable five-hundred coins to vex their land, they would handle it at three-hundred coins. The rich landowners oppressed their seller since they knew they needed some bullion to pay the debt they owed. With the favorable conditions, the rich landowners live something favorable for them, since all of the small landowners, and poor people lost their jobs and had to sell their land, or subdue themselves and their family to slavery they could become effective resources. As a result, the rich landowners took adv antage of the situation. They started to employee tho! se whom recently had to sell their land. Consequently, they were able to pay them minor simply because they had no other choice. As a result, they were able to increase their efficiency. Conscription to the war machine was also another(prenominal) alternative for the already discontent peasants. A Confucian Scholar, ding Zhongshu proposed to Wudi a remedy for the economic and social crisis. He sought out to decrease taxes on poor, to reduce the costless labor, and to improve the distribution of the land. Although Wudi did favor this, he was fearful of the rich landowners due to the fact that they provided much of the food for China (Edwards). or else he sent out spies to check if the rich landowners were paying taxes. From that point on, China remained similar for the next hundred years, with the excommunication of the Ying-Yang philosophy, Taoism and the religious books of counterinsurgency. By the 2nd century CE, China was more right than Europe in many areas such as fo urth dimension keeping, calendars, seismographs, cartography, and astronomy. Despite such advancements, still something remained the same. manner continued to be hard on China majority, the peasants. whitewash by this duration they had to labor for the emperor, still had to pay high taxes, and still were existence treated as inferior world from that of the government (China Han Dynasty). Chinese peasant?s revolutionary paddy wagon were sparked in one case once again during the reign of Shundi. Peasants by this time believed that the Han emperors had lost the mandate of heaven. concurrent mismanagement and boilers suit discontent spread this idea. As a result, peasant?s rebellions resurfaced. During the rule of Huandi problems still were present. In 159 CE Huandi died and the eunuchs, or weaken people, whom at this time were very powerful, tried to eliminate the royal family so they could gain control of the derriere (Theobald). When the great-great-grand nipper of the em peror Zhangdi was elect as the new emperor (emperor ! cuskdi) a clash erupted between the eunuchs and the Confucianism gentry (Theobald). In the provinces outside of the urban center, watch over for the authority of the emperor started to decline. No longer did the peasants treat with respect the emperor, but instead depreciated him since peasants believed that emperors had long lost the mandate of heaven. With the current inseparable crisis in the Han Dynasty raids by the Xiongnu added. They realized that the Han were weak once again and decided to resume raids against them. Attempting to defend themselves, the Han decided to use the icteric pillboxs to involution against the Xiongnu (China Han Dynasty). Despite that they were successful before, the Yellow Turban fighters were somewhat stupid due to the fact that they believed that they were elected by matinee idol and by good and thus they were immortal. Therefore they decided to fight without weapons. This ideal led to their destruction because the Xiongnu killed them with no trouble. emperor moth Ling died in 188 in the midst of sporadic rebellions (Han Dynasty). As a result, a military general tried to gain control at the rook. He planned to take control from the eunuchs and their supporters. He invited general peal cabbage from the North to help him take over the capital of the Han Dynasty (Encarta). However, fighting broke before he arrived and the general was killed by a eunuch. As a result the general?s allies burned the palace putting to death every eunuch they could find. Once Dong eats arrived to the capital he was found in turmoil. He realized that his supporter was killed and that the palace was burned. He realized that in order to obtain power he would have to take extremum measures. As a result he killed both the emperor, Shaodi and the empress dowager. He found a nine year old male child called Xiandi (Hooker). To make matters worse, he kept the killing and instead of up(p) the court he worsened it because he used his trade name before using any other mean. So did his army, and as ! a result his reign was known as a bloody one because his army killed as it pleased. When Dong cream puff had enough killing in the city he started to competitiveness against other generals. Xiandi had a special interest for Chang?an. He believed that from here he would be able to govern the Han Empire better. Therefore, he burned Luoyang and started a march towards Chang?an with all of the people of Luoyang. However he forgot of his people and many civilians died of debilitation and starvation along the way. Justice soon paid foul and Dong Zhou was killed by his inhibit officers and his corps was throw into the mob that much hated him. When Xiandi arrived to Chang?an, Cao Cao, an avid general took over him, and declared himself as the boy?s ?imperial minister? (Han Dynasty). Cao Cao believed that he could bring together China again and he created an army of more than a million men. He hence confronted the armies of Liu Bei and Sun Quan. However he was unsuccessful and he was control back north again. On the other hand, Liu Bei was a phallus of the Han royal family and he was believed to touch on peace to the Han Dynasty. However, he was treason by his fellow mate Sun Quan realizing that if Liu Bei restored peace then he (Sun Quan) would be subordinate to him. As a result he united with Cao Cao (Kingdom of Wei) and established the Kingdom of Wu (China Han Dynasty). As a result the period of the triplet Kingdoms had begun, and by this time the Han Empire was dissolved and only storey remained from it. The fall of the Han Dynasty cannot be accused of a single event, but rather of several. Land distribution, loss of the mandate of heaven, and outside military press sparked overall internal disunity. As a result, the peasants, the majority during the Han Dynasty were paid little attention. Despite that the peasants resisted to and had faith in their emperor; in the end they lost faith simply because they realized that the emperor?s interests were not the same as theirs. Therefore they truly revolted ag! ainst their ruler and were able to meet their demand. China to the Fall of the Han Dynasty. MacroHistory: prehistory to the twenty-first century. 2 Mar. 1998. 6 Jan. 2008 . Edwards, Mike. Han Dynasty @ study geographical Magazine. National Geographic Magazine @ NationalGeographic.com. 6 Aug. 2004. 6 Jan. 2008 . Han Dynasty - ninemsn Encarta. ninemsn Encarta : Online Encyclopedia, Dictionary, Atlas, and Study. 8 July 2007. 6 Jan. 2008 . Han Dynasty. China Window - The Best Way to China. 2 whitethorn 2001. 6 Jan. 2008 . Hooker, Richard. Ancient China: The Former Han, 206 BC-25 AD . learning engine room Learning Systems Group - Home Page . 6 June 1999. 6 Jan. 2008 . Theobald, Ulrich. Chinese History - Han Dynasty æ¼¢ (www.chinaknowledge.de). www.chinaknowledge.de. 2 June 2000. 6 Jan. 2008 . If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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